Publicación: Orígenes de las ideas nucleares del liberalismo moderno
Fecha
2025-07-14
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Universidad Católica de La Plata. Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas
Resumen
Resumen: Este trabajo analiza la evolución e influencia del liberalismo en la sociedad moderna, surgido como respuesta al absolutismo y fundamental para construir democracias respetuosas de las libertades individuales. Se basa en tres pilares: el liberalismo político, que legitima el poder mediante el consentimiento popular; la ética liberal, que defiende los derechos individuales; y el liberalismo económico, que promueve la propiedad privada. No obstante, a pesar de su contribución a la creación de un Estado de derecho, el liberalismo enfrenta críticas contemporáneas que reflejan su diversidad interna, donde conviven liberales de derechos civiles, sociales y económicos, así como libertarios de diversas inclinaciones. Esta pluralidad genera tensiones sobre el papel del Estado y los derechos individuales, planteando desafíos como el riesgo de una dictadura de la mayoría en democracia. En conclusión, aunque el liberalismo ha sido fundamental para proteger las libertades individuales, su versión extrema, el neoliberalismo, ha generado álgidos debates debido a su responsabilidad en los conflictos sociales y el aumento de la pobreza a nivel global.
Abstract: This work analyzes the evolution and influence of liberalism in modern society, emerging as a response to absolutism and essential for building democracies that respect individual freedoms. It is based on three pillars: political liberalism, which legitimizes power through popular consent; liberal ethics, which defends individual rights; and economic liberalism, which promotes private property. Nevertheless, despite its contribution to creating a rule of law, liberalism faces contemporary criticisms that reflect its internal diversity, where civil rights liberals, social liberals, and economic liberals coexist alongside libertarians of various inclinations. This plurality generates tensions over the role of the State and individual rights, posing challenges such as the risk of a tyranny of the majority in democracies. In conclusion, although liberalism has been fundamental in protecting individual freedoms, its extreme version, neoliberalism, has sparked heated debates due to its role in social conflicts and the increase in poverty on a global level
Abstract: This work analyzes the evolution and influence of liberalism in modern society, emerging as a response to absolutism and essential for building democracies that respect individual freedoms. It is based on three pillars: political liberalism, which legitimizes power through popular consent; liberal ethics, which defends individual rights; and economic liberalism, which promotes private property. Nevertheless, despite its contribution to creating a rule of law, liberalism faces contemporary criticisms that reflect its internal diversity, where civil rights liberals, social liberals, and economic liberals coexist alongside libertarians of various inclinations. This plurality generates tensions over the role of the State and individual rights, posing challenges such as the risk of a tyranny of the majority in democracies. In conclusion, although liberalism has been fundamental in protecting individual freedoms, its extreme version, neoliberalism, has sparked heated debates due to its role in social conflicts and the increase in poverty on a global level
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Palabras clave
LIBERALISMO, ÉTICA, POLÍTICA, ESTADO, DERECHOS, LIBERALISM, ETHICS, POLITICS, STATE, RIGHTS
